Chimex tocino12/2/2023 ![]() ^ The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, Vol.The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures. : Oxford University Press, 2001. "Discovering the Chichimecas" Academy of American Franciscan History, Vol 51, No. In the late 16th century, according to the Spanish, the Chichimeca did not worship idols as did many of the surrounding indigenous peoples. He mentioned, in order to prove their supposed barbarity, that Chichimec women, having given birth, continued traveling on the same day without stopping to recover. He wrote that they only covered their genitalia with clothing painted their bodies and ate only game, roots and berries. He described the people, providing ethnographic information. He had received an encomienda near Durango and fought in the wars against the Chichimec peoples: the Pame, the Guachichile, the Guamari and the Zacateco, who lived in the area known at the time as " La Gran Chichimeca." Las Casas' account was called Report of the Chichimeca and the Justness of the War Against Them. In the late sixteenth century, Gonzalo de las Casas wrote about the Chichimec. That changes the meaning, as vowel length is phonemic in Nahuatl. The Nahuatl name Chīchīmēcah (plural, pronounced singular Chīchīmēcatl) means "inhabitants of Chichiman," Chichiman meaning "area of milk." It is sometimes said to be related to chichi "dog", but both i's in chichi are short, and both in Chīchīmēcah are long. Spanish/Chichimeca interaction resulted in a "drastic population decline in population of all the peoples known collectively as Chichimecas, and to their eventual disappearance as peoples of all save the Pames of San Luis Potosí and the related Chichimeca-Jonaz of the Sierra Gorda in eastern Guanajuato." In modern times, only one ethnic group is customarily referred to as Chichimecs, namely the Chichimeca Jonaz, a few thousand of whom live in the state of Guanajuato. The Chichimeca War (1550-1590) ended with the Spanish making favorable peace terms with the Chichimeca. They had no fixed dwelling places, lived by hunting, wore little clothes and fiercely resisted foreign intrusion into their territory, which happened to contain silver mines the Spanish wished to exploit." Gradie noted that Chichimeca was used as a broad and generalizing term by outsiders, writing, " was used by both Spanish and Nahuatl speakers to refer collectively to many different people who exhibited a wide range of cultural development from hunter-gatherers to sedentary agriculturalists with sophisticated political organizations." They practiced animal sacrifice, and they were feared for their expertise and brutality in war. ![]() Gradie, "for the Spanish, the Chichimecas were a wild, nomadic people who lived north of the Valley of Mexico. The name, with its pejorative sense, was adopted by the Spanish Empire. Chichimeca carried the meaning as the Roman term " barbarian" that described Germanic tribes. For the genus of moth, see Chichimeca (moth).Ĭhichimeca ( Spanish: i) is the name that the Nahua peoples of Mexico generically applied to nomadic and semi- nomadic peoples who were established in present-day Bajío region of Mexico. For the historic group of the eastern United States known to the Spanish as "Chichimeco", see Westo. For the modern language, see Chichimeca Jonaz language. For the modern day group, see Chichimeca Jonaz people. This article is about the historical Mesoamerican peoples.
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